Cricoid Pressure

Cricoid pressure is an intervention where the rescuer applies pressure on the patient’s cricoid cartilage. The goal is to push the trachea against the esophagus to prevent aspiration of gastric contents or improve visualization of the vocal cords during ET insertion. However, the AHA no longer recommends the use of cricoid pressure since it can delay or prevent the placement of an advanced airway. Also, some studies have shown that it is not effective in preventing aspiration.

Monitoring Physiologic Parameters During CPR

Physiologic metrics such as waveform capnography, arterial relaxation diastolic pressure, arterial pressure monitoring, and central venous oxygen saturation can guide the provider in performing CPR, administering vasopressor therapy, and detection of ROSC. Threshold values were set based on ROSC results of CPR, and a sudden increase in these measurements is a good indication of ROSC⁵². The advantages of these metrics are that they can provide measurements without interrupting chest compressions.

Ultrasound During Cardiac Arrest

Resumption of myocardial contraction can be identified at the bedside by 2D-echocardiogram after achieving ROSC. However, bedside ultrasonography can identify possible reversible causes of cardiac arrests, such as hypovolemia, pneumothorax, pulmonary thromboembolism, or pericardial tamponade. The use of a sonogram to evaluate the heart or other structures can be utilized by a qualified sonographer if it does not interrupt resuscitation protocols.


Ultrasound allows the practitioner to assess for cardiac contractility(If the ECG monitor shows an organized rhythm, but the ultrasound shows no movement of the heart, that’s PEA.)